Introduction
这篇文章会涉及到组织行为学中关于Elements of structure的部分。文章主题内容主要包括4个部分，第一Organization Structure的定义，第二，Hierarchy and Organization chart，第三，Centralization and Decentralization。
文章会结合一些科技企业来举例说明，例如苹果公司，通用汽车公司，亚马逊，摩托罗拉公司。

Background
2012年，尽管全球经济经历了次贷危机和欧洲主权债务危机，全部主要经济体的GDP增长率都有所减缓。但是，这似乎并不妨碍一些大公司，特别是一些大型的国际科技企业按部就班的推出自己的新产品。查看这些公司的主页就可以知道，即使是在同一行业直接竞争的公司，他们的产品风格，市场上的受众，甚至是企业的行事风格都有明显的不同，甚至是争锋相对的。事实上主要的IT公司，他们的企业组织都不一样。如果和Elements of structure联系起来，是否企业的不同是否是收到了Elements of structure的影响呢?
1. Introduction
The article will include elements of structure in Organizational Behavior. There are mainly three parts in the essay, the first one is the definition of Organization Structure, the second is Hierarchy and Organization chart, the third one is Centralization and Decentralization.
The article will make explanations through some technological companies, such as Apple Company, General Motor Corporation, Amazon and Motorola.
2. Background
In 2012, in case of Subprime Crisis in the global economy and European Sovereign Debt Crisis, although the GDP growth rates of all the major economic entities became smaller than before, this did not stop some large companies, particularly those large-scale international technological companies, from introducing their new products step by step. Through these companies’ home pages, it can be seen that even for those companies with direct competition in the same industry, there are apparent differences, or clashes in their products styles, customers in the market, and even their company acting styles. In fact, those major IT companies have different corporate organizations. If related with elements of structure, whether the differences in companies are influenced by elements of structure?